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Pyuria is usually present in most women with UTI and in some with urethritis. A microscopic examination is done to look for pyuria (pus in urine) and hematuria (blood in urine). This is the initial step in diagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Lower UTIs are usually diagnosed using a urine dipstick or routine urinalysis. Diagnosing leukocytes in urineĪ urine sample is usually tested for white blood cells or leukocytes, red blood cells (RBCs), bacteria, and other substances. When the urine is positive for bacteria, a urine culture is performed to identify the type of bacterial infection.
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Hematuria or blood in the urine and a foul–smelling or cloudy urine may also be present.Ģ) Upper UTI symptoms - In addition to the above symptoms, patients may also show symptoms of suprapubic pain, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and costovertebral angle tenderness (CVAT). Symptoms may vary depending on the type of urinary tract infection.ġ) Lower UTI symptoms - The most common symptoms include dysuria or acute pain, frequent urination, urgency, and incontinence. It causes bladder pressure and pain, as well as excessive urination leading to urinary tract infection and an increased leukocyte count in the urine. Interstitial cystitis is also called as bladder pain syndrome. At times, one may also notice blood in the urine. Due to this blockage, the urinary system is damaged, thereby causing leukocytes to appear in the urine. The most common causes of urinary tract obstruction are kidney stones, prostatic hypertrophy, and pelvic trauma. This would then cause the bladder to be infected with bacteria leading to an increase in the number of leukocytes in urine. In some cases, when urine is not completely released or when there is delayed urination, the urine left in the bladder acts as a good media for bacteria to thrive on. In most cases, when the bladder is full, there is an urge to urinate to empty the bladder. Having sex enables the migration of bacteria to the urinary tract, thereby increasing the leukocyte count in the urine. The obstruction can lead to a bacterial infection and presence of leukocytes in urine. Kidney stones are also proven dangerous since the stones contain calcium salts, which can interfere with the urine pathway in the urethra. People with an impaired immune system and those who use urinary catheters are at a higher risk of developing pyelonephritis. It can affect the urinary bladder, urethra, and ureter. Such infection is called as pyelonephritis, which can affect any part of the renal system. The infection starts in the urinary tract and spreads to the kidney. Kidney problems can cause an increased number of leukocytes in urine. It is advisable to consult a gynecologist, if leukocytes are frequently reported in a routine urinalysis. Other reasons may be an increased level of protein excreted in the urine and bladder infection. One reason may be due to a contamination in the vagina. Pregnant women also tend to show leukocytes in urine.Ĭauses of leukocyte in urine 1) Pregnancyĭuring pregnancy, leukocyte counts can suddenly shoot up in urine. In females, the size of their urethra is smaller compared to males, which is why more leukocytes are found in the urine of females than males. The normal range of leukocytes in urine is 0-5 WBC/HPF. Excess leukocytes that have been killed or damaged while fighting off an infection are expelled by the body through urination.įor this reason, the presence of leukocytes in urine does not always mean an infection. A consistent high leukocyte count in urine can negatively affect the kidneys or bladder. A high leukocyte count in urine could also indicate hypertension, diabetes, or other kidney diseases. It could also indicate damage to the ureters, bladder, and urethra. It means the body is trying to fight off an infection in the urinary tract. Since leukocytes help fight off diseases and infections, high levels of leukocytes in urine may indicate an infection or inflammation in the bladder or kidney. What does a high level of leukocyte in urine mean? If leukocytes are found in urine, then it’s a sign that the body’s defense mechanism is compromised. Have a question about Urine Tests? Ask a doctor now